Various methods of measurement exist for determining an individual's cardiorespiratory fitness. demonstrated the added and unique utility of estimated cardiorespiratory fitness (eCRF) in predicting risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. These formulas take into consideration an individual's age, sex, BMI, substance use, relative levels of physical activity, and pathologic co-morbidites. Measurement Ī method of estimating CRF entails using formulas, derived from extrapolated regressive analyses, to predict a theoretical level of CRF. concluded that HIIT is effective in increasing CRF, physical fitness, muscle power, cardiac contractile function, and reducing blood triglycerides in older individuals. A 2020 review of the literature by Wu et al. Multiple forms of exercise exist and are all generally beneficial to an individual's health (endurance running, weightlifting, sports activity, etc.), but studies show that high intensity interval training (HIIT) is highly effective in increasing CRF and VO 2 max in people of all ages. A 2005 Cochrane review demonstrated that physical activity interventions are effective for increasing CRF, while other studies have determined that improved CRF is associated with lower risk of CVD and all-cause mortality. The medical community agrees that regular physical activity plays an important role in reducing risk of cardiovascular disease, stroke, hypertension, diabetes, and a variety of other morbid conditions. Fitness refers to an individual's state of health.Ĭardiorespiratory fitness can be increased by means of regular physical activity and exercise. The prefix "cardio-" refers to the heart while "-respiratory" links the heart and respiratory system, which includes organs that contribute to gas exchange in plants and animals, especially the lungs (animals). In 2016, the American Heart Association published an official scientific statement advocating that CRF be categorized as a clinical vital sign and should be routinely assessed as part of clinical practice. This proposal ignited a multitude of studies demonstrating a relationship between VO 2 max and cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. He coined the term VO 2 max, or maximal oxygen consumption, the numerical result of exercise testing that represents the maximum rate of oxygen consumed per kilogram of body mass per minute during exercise which now serves as the primary measure of CRF. This measure was found to be dependent upon functional capacities of an individual's cardiovascular and respiratory systems.
The emergence of a method to quantify CRF began in the 1920s when Archibald Hill, a British physiologist, proposed a multifactorial relationship between the maximum rate of oxygen uptake by body tissues and intensity of physical activity. Regular physical activity and exercise can improve CRF, thus decreasing risk of CVD and other conditions while improving overall health. Some medical researchers claim that CRF is an even stronger predictor of mortality than smoking, hypertension, high cholesterol, type 2 diabetes mellitus, or other common risk factors. Low levels of CRF have been shown to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality. As these body's functions are vital to an individual's health, CRF allows observers to quantify an individual's morbidity and mortality risk as a function of cardiorespiratory health. These functions include ventilation, perfusion, gas exchange, vasodilation, and delivery of oxygen to the body's tissues. Scientists and researchers use CRF to assess the functional capacity of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Develop a cardiovascular training program based on case study information, including assessment and training methods.Cardiorespiratory fitness ( CRF) refers to the ability of the circulatory and respiratory systems to supply oxygen to skeletal muscles during sustained physical activity.Select, administer, and interpret multiple valid and reliable assessments for cardiorespiratory fitness.
#ASSESSING CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS PROFESSIONAL#
Information: This course requires physical activity and is intended for students pursuing the Fitness Professional Certificate program. Recommendation: Completion of or concurrent enrollment in FSS 234. Includes cardiorespiratory assessment, development of goals, program design, and special considerations. Principles of assessing cardiorespiratory fitness and program development. Tweet this Page (opens a new window) Add to Portfolio (opens a new window)įSS 277 - Cardiorespiratory Assessment and Program Design 2 Credits, 3 Contact Hours
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